Nitric Oxide Inhibits the Replication Cycle of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

"Our results demonstrated that NO specifically inhibits the replication cycle of SARS CoV, most probably during the early steps of infection, suggesting that the production of NO by iNOS results in an antiviral effect."

Nitric oxide a possible treatment for COVID-19, study finds

"To our knowledge, nitric oxide is the only substance shown so far to have a direct effect on SARS-CoV-2," says Åke Lundkvist, a professor at Uppsala University, who led the study.

This property of nitric oxide -- the protection it affords against infections, by being both antibacterial and antiviral -- is the very one that now interests the researchers.

Nitric oxide a possible treatment for COVID-19

"To our knowledge, nitric oxide is the only substance shown so far to have a direct effect on SARS-CoV-2," says Åke Lundkvist, a professor at Uppsala University, who led the study.

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Scientists at Durham-based KNOW Bio infected host cells with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the virus that causes COVID-19. They then exposed the cells to a solution containing nitric oxide. Within 24 hours, 99.9 percent of the viruses were dead. More importantly, the remaining viruses were unable to replicate and the host cells were undamaged.

KNOW Bio Announces Breakthrough Nitric Oxide Discovery to Combat COVID-19

Nitric Oxide (NO) has been reported to:

1. Inhibit coronavirus infection by altering spike protein binding and disrupting the ability of the virus to attach to the receptor and infect human cells.

2. Inhibit coronavirus viral replication inside an infected cell by slowing viral RNA production - resulting in fewer RNA strands and viral copies.

3. Inhibit release of reproduced virus by preventing host cell death via interfering with caspase activity - the reproduced virus particles thus remain within the infected cell and fewer virus particles are spread to infect other cells.The result was a greater than 99.9% reduction in virus observed after 24 hours versus virus observed on untreated cells.

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"Furthermore, nitric oxide has actually been shown to inhibit Coronavirus replication.

So in summary we know from epidemiology all the way down to cellular and molecular biology, that loss of nitric oxide is the problem and restoration of nitric oxide is the solution. It is that simple."

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"The NO produced by our own cells can interact with molecules in invading cells such as bacteria, parasites and viruses to kill them or inhibit their replication or spread. NO has been show to increase the survival rate of mammalian cells infected with SARS-CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by coronavirus). Importantly, in a limited study in 2004, inhaled NO (INO) was demonstrated to be effective against the SARS-CoV in severely ill patients with pneumonia. The mechanism of action was thought to be pulmonary vasodilation and consequent improved oxygenation in the blood of the lungs, thereby killing the virus, which does not do well in a high oxygen environment. In addition, however, I would offer the opinion that the NO also interacts with the virus to kill it directly."

~ Dr. Louis J. Ignarro, Winner of the Nobel Prize in Medicine